Yes, carrying a sword in public is legal in Japan under highly restricted conditions.
Only antique or ceremonial swords meeting strict criteria—such as those registered under the Sword and Firearms Possession Control Law and held by licensed collectors or martial arts practitioners—may be carried. Modern replicas, functional swords, or those without proper documentation are prohibited. Local police departments (keisatsu) and the National Police Agency enforce these rules, with recent 2026 amendments tightening registration requirements for antique blades to curb illegal possession.
Key Regulations for Carrying a Sword in Public in Japan
- Registration Requirement: All swords must be registered with local police under the Sword and Firearms Possession Control Law. Unregistered blades are confiscated immediately.
- Purpose Limitation: Carriage is permitted only for specific purposes (e.g., martial arts demonstrations, historical reenactments) and requires prior approval from authorities.
- Design Restrictions: Functional or modern-style swords (e.g., katanas with sharp edges) are banned unless certified as antiques by the Agency for Cultural Affairs. Police may inspect blades for compliance during public transport.