Yes, backyard chickens are legal in most of Maryland, but local ordinances and state health codes impose strict controls. The Maryland Department of Agriculture (MDA) permits small flocks under 50 birds without commercial permits, while counties like Montgomery and Baltimore enforce additional zoning and coop-distance rules. Recent 2026 amendments to the Maryland Poultry Disease Control Regulations tighten biosecurity protocols, requiring mandatory coop inspections in high-density poultry areas.
Key Regulations for Keeping Backyard Chickens in Maryland
- Flock Size Limits: Maryland generally allows up to 50 birds without a commercial permit, but counties such as Anne Arundel cap flocks at 12 hens. Roosters are often prohibited due to noise ordinances.
- Coop and Setback Requirements: Local jurisdictions mandate minimum distances between coops and neighboring residences (e.g., 50 feet in Howard County). Structures must comply with International Residential Code (IRC) ventilation and sanitation standards.
- Biosecurity and Health Compliance: The MDA’s 2026 regulations require backyard flock registration, regular coop disinfection, and immediate reporting of avian influenza symptoms. Failure to adhere risks quarantine orders under the Maryland Poultry Improvement Plan (MPIP).
Urban areas like Baltimore City impose stricter rules, including permits and mandatory participation in the MDA’s Backyard Flock Program. Always verify county-specific ordinances, as enforcement varies. Non-compliance may result in fines or forced flock culling during disease outbreaks.