Yes, owning a tank in Switzerland is legal but tightly controlled under federal and cantonal laws. Civilian possession requires permits from the Federal Office for Customs and Border Security (FOCBS) and cantonal authorities, with strict compliance to arms and explosives regulations. Recent 2026 amendments to the War Material Ordinance (WMO) further restrict civilian ownership of armored vehicles, mandating proof of legitimate purpose (e.g., historical preservation) and enhanced background checks. Violations risk confiscation, fines up to CHF 100,000, or criminal prosecution under the Military Penal Code.
Key Regulations for Owning a Tank in Switzerland
- War Material Ordinance (WMO) Compliance: Tanks classified as war material under the WMO (Art. 4) require a federal permit. Civilian ownership is permitted only for museums, collectors with historical significance, or entities with “exceptional interest” approved by the State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO).
- Cantonal Authorization: Cantonal police departments issue additional permits, verifying storage security, insurance coverage (minimum CHF 5 million liability), and adherence to cantonal explosives laws. Geneva and Ticino impose stricter local ordinances.
- Technical and Operational Restrictions: Tanks must be rendered inoperable (e.g., removal of main armament, engine deactivation) unless exempted for static display. Fuel and ammunition storage are regulated under the Explosives Act, with mandatory inspections by the Federal Office of Police (fedpol).