No. Pepper spray is classified as a “dangerous object” under Japan’s Swords and Firearms Possession Control Law, prohibiting civilian possession without special authorization. The National Police Agency (NPA) enforces strict penalties, including up to 15 years imprisonment for illegal possession. Exceptions exist solely for licensed security personnel or under rare self-defense exemptions.
Key Regulations for Pepper Spray in Japan
- Prohibition Status: Banned for general public use under Article 2 of the Swords and Firearms Possession Control Law (2023 amendment).
- Law Enforcement Exemptions: Only police, security guards with NPA-issued permits, or individuals with court-approved self-defense justification may possess it.
- Penalties: Illegal possession risks up to 15 years imprisonment or ¥15 million in fines, per Article 19 of the same law.
Recent 2026 compliance shifts emphasize stricter border controls, with customs authorities seizing undeclared pepper sprays at airports. The NPA’s 2025 guidelines clarify that even small canisters (under 100ml) are subject to confiscation unless pre-approved. Tourists carrying pepper spray risk immediate detention, as the law applies uniformly to residents and visitors.